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LOWELL OBSERVATORY

FLAGSTAFF, AZ · EIN 860098918 · Form 990 · FY2022 · NTEE U31Z · Science & Technology · Large ($10M-$50M) · www.lowell.edu
revenue
$20.0M
expenses
$19.2M
net assets
$55.6M
employees
203
volunteers
53
program ratio
81%
mission · from form 990

LOWELL'S MISSION IS TO PURSUE THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY AND SHARE THE RESULTS WITH THE PUBLIC.

profile · synthesized from sources

Lowell Observatory is an astronomical research institution and public observatory located in Flagstaff, Arizona. It conducts scientific research, primarily in planetary science and stellar astronomy, and offers educational programs and public viewing opportunities to engage the community with astronomy.

irs program accomplishments · form 990 part iii · fy2022

what they reported doing

Program narrative the organization filed with the IRS. Ordered by program spending.

  1. #1 primary $4.01M
    LOWELL OBSERVATORY'S PUBLIC PROGRAMS OPERATED THROUGHOUT 2022 IN MUCH THE WAY THEY DID PRIOR TO THE PANDEMIC, THANKS TO SUCCESSFULLY FOLLOWING THE PHASED RE-OPENING OF PROGRAMS IN 2021. GENERAL ADMISSION OFFERINGS INCLUDED REGULARLY SCHEDULED DAYTIME GUIDED TOURS OF THE MARS HILL CAMPUS, AND NIGHTTIME DARK SKY TOURS. IN TANDEM, STAFF HOSTED OPEN HOUSES OF THE HISTORIC CLARK AND PLUTO TELESCOPES, AND PROVIDED SCHEDULED TALKS, INCLUDING ONES DESCRIBING THE HISTORY AND IMPORTANCE OF THE DISCOVERY OF PLUTO, CURRENT ASTRONOMICAL RESEARCH ON EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS, THE LIFE CYCLE OF STARS AND OUTDOOR CONSTELLATION TALKS. SCHOOL GROUP FIELD TRIPS TO LOWELL WERE BUSY AND THE LOWELL OBSERVATORY CAMPS FOR KIDS PROGRAMS CONTINUED IN THE SUMMER AND SERVED MORE THAN 200 CHILDREN. SPECIAL TOURS AND PROGRAMS PROVIDED SMALL GROUP ACCESS TO THE 24INCH DYER TELESCOPE. WORKING IN COLLABORATION WITH THE MARKETING AND COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT, THE OUTREACH TEAM CONTINUED TO PROVIDE ON-LINE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMING. REGULAR OFFERINGS INCLUDED "STAR STUFF" PODCASTS, "INTERACTIVE STARGAZING", AND "MARS HILL ALMANAC," AS WELL AS A MONTHLY SERIES CELEBRATING THE 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FIRST LIGHT OF THE 4.3-METER LOWELL DISCOVERY TELESCOPE. SPECIAL PROGRAMMING IN 2022 INCLUDED THE ANNUAL I HEART PLUTO FESTIVAL (IN HYBRID FORM), THE POPULAR MESSIER MARATHON, AND LIVESTREAMS HIGHLIGHTING LUNAR ECLIPSES, METEOR SHOWERS, AND NATIONAL ASTRONOMY DAY. THE NATIVE AMERICAN ASTRONOMY OUTREACH PROGRAM (NAAOP) TEAM CONDUCTED THEIR CLASSROOM VISITS THROUGHOUT THE SCHOOL YEAR AND HOSTED SUMMER AND WINTER CAMPS FOR STUDENTS. LOWELL EDUCATORS RETURNED TO THE FLAGSTAFF FAMILY FOOD CENTER (FFFC) TO LEAD SCIENCE ACTIVITIES FOR THE CHILDREN THAT FFFC SERVES. THESE VISITS OCCURRED EVERY OTHER WEEK FROM JANUARY THROUGH DECEMBER. THE OBSERVATORY ALSO PARTICIPATED IN SEVERAL LOCAL OUTREACH EVENTS, INCLUDING THE FLAGSTAFF STAR PARTY AND SCIENCE IN THE PARK. PRIVATE EVENTS AND FACILITY RENTALS WERE HOSTED AT LOWELL, AND THE EVENTS TEAM PULLED OFF SEVERAL SUCCESSFUL EVENTS BOTH ON AND OFF-CAMPUS. THE KEMPER AND ETHEL MARLEY FOUNDATION ASTRONOMY DISCOVERY CENTER (ADC) AT LOWELL OBSERVATORY WILL BE A PLACE OF CURIOSITY AND DISCOVERY FOR VISITORS WORLDWIDE. AFTER THREE YEARS OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING $53.6 MILLION DOLLARS FOR THE NEW BUILDING, LOWELL OBSERVATORY EXPECTS TO CELEBRATE A GRAND OPENING IN NOVEMBER 2024. THE THREE-STORY, 40,000-SQUARE-FOOT ADC WILL FEATURE A STATE-OF-THE-ART THEATER, EXHIBIT GALLERIES, AND A ROOFTOP AMPHITHEATER FOR EXPLORING FLAGSTAFF'S FAMOUSLY DARK SKIES. THE ENTIRETY OF THE BUILDING WAS FUNDED THROUGH THE SUPPORT OF DONORS AND STATE-FUNDED GRANTS A TESTAMENT TO THE INCREDIBLE AMOUNT OF SUPPORT FROM OUR COMMUNITIES AND A SHOW OF HOW MUCH SUCH A SCIENCE CENTER WAS NEEDED IN NORTHERN ARIZONA. IN PREPARATION FOR THE ADC, TEAMS ACROSS THE OBSERVATORY HAVE COME TOGETHER TO PLAN EVERYTHING FROM PROGRAMMING, EXHIBIT DESIGN, INTERPRETIVE SIGNAGE NEEDS, BRANDING, AND GUEST TRAFFIC FLOW. MARKETING VIDEOS WERE RELEASED, GIVING VIEWERS AN ANIMATED TOUR AS A LOOK INTO THE BUILDING AHEAD OF ITS OPENING. THIS HAS BEEN A TRULY COLLABORATIVE EFFORT TO ENSURE ALL DEPARTMENT VOICES ARE REPRESENTED.
named programs · 8 · from sources

what they call their work

Dark Sky Advocacy
Promotes awareness and protection of dark skies, particularly in Flagstaff, the first international dark sky city.
Discovery Programs
Educational programs designed for students and educators, including workshops, camps, and curriculum resources.
International Dark Sky Week Promotion
Public awareness campaign encouraging protection of dark skies, leveraging Flagstaff’s status as the first International Dark Sky City and promoting responsible lighting practices
Lowell Observatory Archives
Preserves and provides access to historical documents, photographs, and artifacts related to the observatory's history and astronomical discoveries.
Pluto Education and Outreach
Initiative promoting public education about Pluto, its discovery at Lowell Observatory, and ongoing planetary science through themed merchandise, books, and events
Public Programs & Tours
Offers guided tours, telescope viewing, exhibits, and educational presentations for the general public.
Research
Conducts scientific research in various fields of astronomy, including planetary science, stellar astronomy, and exoplanets.
Starry Skies Shop
Retail store offering astronomy-themed apparel, books, gifts, and Lowell Observatory memorabilia, including Pluto-themed items celebrating the Observatory's discovery of Pluto
activities · 9 clusters

what they do

  • Public Observatory & Planetarium Programs 7 activities
    • Host public speaker series and events
      Organizes recurring public speaker series and one-off events on various astronomy topics, including dark sky science, space exploration, and the history of astronomy.
    • Host public speaker series and special events
      Organizes recurring public speaker series on various astronomy topics, including dark sky science, space exploration, and the search for Planet X, as well as movie screenings and member-only events.
    • Offer specialized astronomy programs and courses
      Provides private group stargazing sessions, excursions to the Lowell Discovery Telescope, and astrophotography courses. Also offers a "Home of Pluto" package for groups.
    • Offer specialized astronomy programs and courses
      Provides private group stargazing sessions, excursions to the Lowell Discovery Telescope, and astrophotography courses. Also offers specific "Home of Pluto" packages for groups.
    • Offer specialized astronomy programs and courses
      Provides private group stargazing sessions, excursions to the Lowell Discovery Telescope, and astrophotography courses. It also hosts recurring public speaker series on various astronomy topics.
    • Provide Public Astronomy Education and Access
      Offers public access to astronomy exhibits, historical tours, observatory telescopes, and discovery zones through general admission. This includes planetarium shows, speaker series, and stargazing opportunities using various telescopes, as well as open houses at historic buildings.
    • Provide public astronomy education and experiences
      Offers general admission access to exhibits, historical tours, telescopes, discovery zones, planetarium shows, and stargazing opportunities. This includes specific presentations, open houses at historic buildings, and solar viewing.
  • Historic & Cultural Venue Rentals 4 activities
    • Host Private Events and Weddings
      Hosts private events, including weddings, proposals, engagement dinners, and children's birthday parties, utilizing on-campus halls, meeting spaces, and historic venues like the Clark Telescope dome and the Mausoleum of Percival Lowell.
    • Host private events and weddings
      Offers its campus facilities, including halls, meeting spaces, the Clark Telescope dome, and the Mausoleum of Percival Lowell, for private events, weddings, proposals, engagement dinners, and children's birthday parties.
    • Host private events and weddings
      Offers its campus facilities, including halls, meeting spaces, and historic domes, for private events, weddings, proposals, engagement dinners, and children's birthday parties.
    • Host private events and weddings
      Hosts private events, weddings, proposals, engagement dinners, and children's birthday parties in various on-campus halls, meeting spaces, and historic venues.
  • Native American Astronomy Outreach 3 activities
    • Conduct K-12 STEM education programs
      Operates the Native American Astronomy Outreach Program, Orbits Curiosity Camps, hands-on day camps, and provides educational field trips and in-home science challenge videos for students.
    • Conduct Native American astronomy outreach
      Operates the Native American Astronomy Outreach Program to serve Native American communities and enhance STEM education in Native American classrooms.
    • Operate Native American Astronomy Outreach Program
      Operates the Native American Astronomy Outreach Program, serving Native American communities for over twenty years to enhance STEM education in Native American classrooms.
  • STEM-Focused Educational Field Trips 3 activities
    • Deliver STEM education programs for youth
      Operates Orbits Curiosity Camps, hands-on day camps, and provides in-home science challenge videos for children. It also offers educational field trips for students.
    • Offer STEM Education Programs for Youth
      Provides educational programs for children and students, including summer camps, hands-on day camps focused on STEM learning, in-home science challenge videos, and educational field trips with guided tours and tailored program segments.
    • Provide STEM education for children and youth
      Operates Orbits Curiosity Camps, hands-on day camps, and provides in-home science challenge videos for children. Also offers educational field trips for students.
  • Video Content Production & Archiving 3 activities
    • Produce and share educational content online
      Maintains digital image galleries and produces educational video content, live streams, observing tips, and podcast episodes through its YouTube channel.
    • Provide digital educational content
      Maintains digital image galleries and produces educational video content, live streams, observing tips, and podcast episodes through its YouTube channel.
    • Provide digital educational resources
      Maintains digital image galleries and produces educational video content, live streams, observing tips, and podcast episodes through its YouTube channel.
  • Dark Sky Lighting Policy & Certification 2 activities
    • Advocate for Dark Sky Preservation
      Encourages public participation in International Dark Sky Week to reduce light pollution and promotes dark sky science and stewardship.
    • Advocate for dark sky preservation
      Encourages public participation in International Dark Sky Week to reduce light pollution.
  • Exoplanet Detection and Characterization 2 activities
    • Conduct Astronomical Research
      Conducts research in various fields of astronomy, including the detection and characterization of near-Earth asteroids and exoplanets, studies of solar system bodies, stellar astrophysics, and galactic and extragalactic astronomy. This includes developing and supporting research instrumentation.
    • Conduct astronomical research
      Conducts research on solar system bodies, exoplanets, stellar astrophysics, and galactic/extragalactic astronomy, including planetary defense efforts and instrumentation R&D.
  • Nonprofit Retail Operations in Cultural and Natural Sites 2 activities
    • Operate a retail shop
      Operates a retail shop selling merchandise related to Lowell Observatory and Pluto, including themed apparel.
    • Operate a retail shop
      Operates a retail shop selling merchandise related to Lowell Observatory and Pluto, offering discounts to members.
  • Uncategorized 1 activity
    • Provide public astronomy education and experiences
      Offers general admission access to exhibits, historical tours, telescopes, discovery zones, planetarium shows, and stargazing opportunities. This includes specific presentations, open houses, and solar viewing.
financials · form 990 · fy2022

the money

revenue
Total revenue$20.04M
Contributions & grants$12.85M64%
Program service revenue$5.90M29%
Investment income$395K2%
Other revenue$888K
expenses
Total expenses$19.19M
Program expenses81%
Admin / overhead11%
Fundraising8%
Salaries & benefits$11.18M
Grants paid out$539K
Largest expense lineCompensation
balance sheet
Total assets$78.98M
Cash$5.29M
Investments$0
Liabilities$23.39M
Net assets$55.59M
Liquid reserves3.3 mo
3 years on record · 2020–2022 · YoY revenue -12.2%
leadership · form 990 part vii · fy2022

who runs it

paid leadership · 11
NameTitleHours/wkCompensation
HALL JEFFREY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 40 $214K
KELLER CHRISTOPH DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE 40 $204K
MASSEY PHILIP ASTRONOMER 40 $189K
HUNTER DEIDRE ASTRONOMER 40 $187K
ACTOR ANN CHIEF PHILANTHROPY OFFICER 38 $184K
LABRUZZO ANNE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 36 $178K
WEST MICHAEL ASTRONOMER 40 $177K
LEVINE STEPHEN ASTRONOMER 40 $176K
BOSH AMANDA CHIEF OPERATIONS OFFICER 40 $173K
SAWYER DAVID TECHNICAL PROJECT MANAGER 40 $167K
PUTNAM W LOWELL TRUSTEE 30 $12K
relationships · 10

who they work with

  • Association of Science and Technology Centers (ASTC) Network — Participates in the ASTC Passport Program, providing reciprocal admission benefits to members.
  • Dr. Amanda Bosh Partner — Co-founded the Native American Astronomy Outreach Program at Lowell Observatory
  • Dr. Deidre Hunter Partner — Co-founded the Native American Astronomy Outreach Program at Lowell Observatory
  • Friends of Lowell: Puget Sound Partner — Regional member group in the Puget Sound area that organizes events and trips to Lowell Observatory.
  • International Dark-Sky Association Partner — Collaborates on promoting International Dark Sky Week and dark sky preservation.
  • Lowell Discovery Telescope Government — Operates the 4.3-meter Lowell Discovery Telescope for astronomical research.
  • Starry Skies Shop Partner — Official gift shop offering space-themed merchandise to visitors of Lowell Observatory.
  • Tripleseat Partner — Provides private event software and lead management for wedding bookings.
  • Visitor Services Partner — Provides real-time scheduling details for variable programs and events
  • Volunteer Manager Partner — Coordinates volunteer recruitment, orientation, and scheduling.